| 01 · Unverified Snow/Wind Load |
“Standard static design included” (0.75 kN/m² snow) |
+20%–35% steel tonnage surcharge when your EU engineer requires 1.5–2.5 kN/m² |
| 02 · Steel Grade & Zinc Downgrade |
“Galvanized steel structure” (unspecified DX51D+Z100) |
Structural non-compliance vs S350GD+Z275 / S355J2 |
| 03 · Gross vs Net Tonnage Billing |
Lump-sum estimate without net kg weight floor or scrap rule |
10%–15% lighter sections delivered or inflated scrap surcharges |
| 04 · Excluded Anchor Bolts & Templates |
“Superstructure from +0.00 level” |
€1,500–€6,000 surprise bill for 8.8/10.9 anchor cages & setting plates |
05 · EPS vs PIR / Rockwool Core |
“Insulated sandwich panel 50 mm” (16 kg/m³ EPS) |
Fails B-s1,d0 / A2 fire insurance rules; PIR/rockwool costs +25%–45% more |
| 06 · Thin Panel Coil Skins |
0.35–0.40 mm painted sheet instead of 0.50 / 0.50 mm |
Oil-canning, wind-uplift pull-through and denting |
| 07 · Missing Flashings, Gutters & Screws |
Panels quoted per net m² excluding ridge/corner trims & EPDM fasteners |
+8%–14% accessory invoice right before dispatch |
08 · Oversize >11.80 m Members |
12.5 m welded rafters priced EXW without container splice design |
Forces Open-Top / Flat-Rack ocean freight at 2×–3× container rates |
09 · EXW Unloaded vs FOB / FCA |
Ex-Works excluding crane loading, ISPM-15 skids, port THC & A.TR |
€600–€1,400 per container in unbudgeted local export charges |
| 10 · Single-Coat Shop Primer |
“1×40 µm alkyd primer” over wire-brushed steel |
Requires full site sandblasting to meet ISO 12944 C3 (Sa 2½ + epoxy) |
| 11 · Basic Non-Thermal Joinery |
Domestic non-insulated PVC/aluminum windows with untempered glass |
Fails destination U-value (Uw) & safety-glazing building codes |
| 12 · Uncapped Factory Supervisor Clauses |
“Buyer provides supervisor flights, hotel, meals + daily fee” without cap |
Open-ended site erection liability if assembly drawings are incomplete |
